Does global collapse mean the extinction of humans?

Societal collapse has happened many times over the past 5000 years, over all continents (Roman Empire, Mayans, Easter Island, etc), and it has often entailed great population contractions. It was not automatically the case that everyone in a given civilisation or culture died as a result (see studies from Joseph Tainter, Jared Diamond, Dmitry Orlov and others). The current situation is more threatening to our species than these historical situations, especially as the end of aerosol masking could lead to a 0.5 degree rise in temperatures within weeks, leading to further risks of catastrophic levels of methane release from the Arctic. While we must consider the possibility that a collapse of our global industrial civilisation may hasten rather than delay human extinction, we don’t yet see it as an inevitability.